We performed a systematic investigation into the effects of duty-cycling on measuring activity in the passive acoustic monitoring of echolocating bats.
Experimental measurements and theoretical modeling provided insights into the mechanisms by which tongue-clicking fruit bats change their echolocation sonar beam direction without changing head aim or mouth shape.
The weak but persistent echoes from the hindwing tails of luna moths may help them confuse the sonar-guided bat predators, even though the tail echoes themselves are not strong enough to completely distract the bats' attention.